| Primary Product Range | Low-voltage AC surge protective devices for residential, commercial, and light industrial distribution boards. | AC and DC surge protective devices for industrial control panels, photovoltaic systems, and power distribution equipment. | Modular AC surge protective devices for commercial buildings, data rooms, control cabinets, and general electrical installations. |
| Typical SPD Classification | Type 1+2Type 2 | Type 1+2Type 2PV DC | Type 2Type 2+3 |
| Applicable Electrical Systems | 230/400 V AC, single-phase and three-phase TN-S, TN-C, TN-C-S, and TT systems, subject to model selection. | 230/400 V AC systems, photovoltaic DC circuits up to 1,000 V DC on selected product families, and industrial control circuits. | 230/400 V AC single-phase and three-phase distribution systems, including sub-distribution and final-circuit protection. |
| Common Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage (Uc) | 275 V AC or 320 V AC for phase-to-neutral applications; exact value depends on system voltage and earthing arrangement. | 275 V AC, 320 V AC, or 385 V AC for selected AC configurations; PV versions use a DC-rated Uc matched to the array voltage. | 275 V AC or 385 V AC for common phase-to-neutral and phase-to-phase applications. |
| Typical Nominal Discharge Current (In) | 20 kA, 8/20 μs for common Type 2 modular products. | 20 kA or 25 kA, 8/20 μs for Type 2 products; higher-current Type 1+2 combinations are available in selected configurations. | 5 kA, 10 kA, or 20 kA, 8/20 μs depending on the product class and installation point. |
| Typical Maximum Discharge Current (Imax) | 40 kA, 8/20 μs for commonly specified Type 2 products. | 40 kA or 65 kA, 8/20 μs for selected Type 2 and combined Type 1+2 products. | 10 kA, 20 kA, or 40 kA, 8/20 μs depending on the module rating. |
| Lightning Impulse Current Capability | Type 1+2 products may use an Iimp rating such as 12.5 kA per pole, 10/350 μs; the value is model-specific. | Selected Type 1+2 products may be rated at 12.5 kA per pole or higher according to pole configuration and application. | Type 2 products generally emphasize In and Imax ratings; Type 1+2 versions require separate verification of the Iimp value. |
| Protection Technology | Metal-oxide varistor technology with thermal disconnection and visual status indication. | Metal-oxide varistors for AC and PV applications; selected high-energy designs may combine spark-gap and MOV technologies. | MOV-based modular protection with replaceable plug-in cartridges and mechanical end-of-life indication. |
| Response Time | Typically below 25 ns for MOV-based AC modules; the declared value depends on circuit design and test method. | Typically below 25 ns for MOV-based products; spark-gap designs may have different operating characteristics. | Typically below 25 ns for common Type 2 MOV products. |
| Protection Modes | L-N, L-PE, and N-PE protection modes are available according to the internal circuit and earthing system. | L-N, L-PE, N-PE, and DC positive-to-earth or negative-to-earth configurations are available for different applications. | L-N and L-PE protection modes are commonly offered, with multi-pole versions for three-phase systems. |
| Backup Overcurrent Protection | Requires coordination with an upstream fuse or circuit breaker; the maximum permitted backup protection must be checked on the datasheet. | Usually specified with a maximum backup fuse or circuit-breaker rating for safe thermal disconnection and short-circuit coordination. | External backup protection is generally required unless the selected product has an explicitly integrated protection design. |
| Remote Monitoring | Optional remote signaling contact is available on selected modular versions. | Optional dry-contact remote indication is commonly available for industrial and photovoltaic versions. | Optional remote status contact is available on selected replaceable-cartridge products. |
| Installation Format | DIN-rail modular design, commonly 1P, 2P, 3P, 3P+N, or 4P configurations. | DIN-rail modules and compact panel-mounted versions for AC, DC, PV, and control applications. | DIN-rail plug-in modules with replaceable cartridges and optional auxiliary contacts. |
| Applicable Product Standards | IEC 61643-11 for low-voltage AC SPDs; GB/T 18802.11 may apply to products marketed for the Chinese market. | IEC 61643-11 for AC SPDs and IEC 61643-31 for photovoltaic DC SPDs, where applicable. | IEC 61643-11 and corresponding national or regional adoptions, depending on the target market. |
| Common Test Documentation | Type-test reports covering Uc, Up, In, Imax, short-circuit behavior, and thermal disconnection. | Product test reports, photovoltaic DC test records where relevant, routine inspection records, and factory quality documentation. | Type-test reports, production inspection records, insulation and dielectric-strength test data, and end-of-life indication verification. |
| Market Conformity Documents to Verify | CE declaration for applicable European directives, RoHS material compliance, and third-party test reports where requested. | CE and RoHS documentation for relevant markets, plus CB or independent laboratory reports when specified by the purchaser. | CE and RoHS documentation where applicable, together with test reports demonstrating compliance with the declared product standard. |
| Typical Application Strength | General building protection, distribution boards, retail facilities, and small commercial installations. | Industrial facilities, photovoltaic power systems, control cabinets, and applications requiring broader AC/DC coverage. | Commercial buildings, data and communication rooms, building services, and installations favoring replaceable modules. |
| Key Selection Considerations | Verify system earthing type, Uc, Up, backup protection, short-circuit rating, and the required number of poles. | Verify AC or DC application, maximum PV voltage, polarity configuration, Iimp or Imax rating, and coordination with upstream protection. | Verify discharge rating, installation location, replacement-cartridge availability, remote signaling requirements, and coordination between SPD stages. |